Evidence hierarchy

We prefer primary documents, official records, direct observation and on-record interviews. Secondary reports can provide context but should be traced to the original evidence where possible.

Claim verification

Names, dates, figures, quotations and material claims are checked against reliable evidence. Claims that cannot be independently confirmed are clearly attributed, qualified or withheld.

Opportunities and deadlines

Applications, grants, recruitment notices and commercial offers are checked against the responsible organisation and current deadline where possible. Readers are reminded to confirm current terms and avoid unofficial payment requests.

After publication

New evidence may require an update, correction or clarification. Readers and sources can raise concerns through our corrections process.